Fluid Kinematics:
This is the basic study in the hydraulic engineering along with hydro-statics. Fluid dynamics deals with the study of flow of fluids, while hydro-statics deals with the study of the fluids under flow.
If F is the flow property like, velocity, density etc., of a fluid then we can classify the fluid in the following ways.
(1) Steady and un-steady flow:
Steady Flow: This flow can be defined using the following equation:
Curly(F)/ Curly(t) = 0
Here Curly is used to denote the partial differentiation of the flow property with respect to time at a point or section.
So velocity of the particle is same as the velocity of the previous particle at the section.
Un-Steady Flow:
In this type of flow the flow property changes with time so,
Curly(F)/ Curly(t) =/ 0,
That means velocity, or density etc. of a particle will be different from that of the previous particles at the same section.
(2) Uniform and non-uniform flow:
Uniform Flow: Uniform flow can be defined with the following equation:
dF/dS = 0 ---eq(1)
Here F is the fluid property and S is the flow field. Properties like velocity and density will not change from one point to the other point in the flow field. This equation represents the uniform flow.
Non-uniform flow: Non-uniform flow is the flow in which the the above equation[eq(1)] is not satisfied, so the fluid property changes from one point to another point in the flow field.
(3) Rotational and Ir-rotational Flow:
Ir-rotational Flow: In this type of flow the rotation of the fluid particles about a axis perpendicular to the plane of flow of particle is zero. i.e.
du/dz= dv/dx = dw/dy etc. --- eq(2)
Rotational Flow: This is the flow in which the rotation of the fluid particle about their mass axis which is perpendicular to the plane of flow is not zero. So the above equations[eq(2)] are not satisfied by the rotational flow.
This is the basic study in the hydraulic engineering along with hydro-statics. Fluid dynamics deals with the study of flow of fluids, while hydro-statics deals with the study of the fluids under flow.
If F is the flow property like, velocity, density etc., of a fluid then we can classify the fluid in the following ways.
(1) Steady and un-steady flow:
Steady Flow: This flow can be defined using the following equation:
Curly(F)/ Curly(t) = 0
Here Curly is used to denote the partial differentiation of the flow property with respect to time at a point or section.
So velocity of the particle is same as the velocity of the previous particle at the section.
Un-Steady Flow:
In this type of flow the flow property changes with time so,
Curly(F)/ Curly(t) =/ 0,
That means velocity, or density etc. of a particle will be different from that of the previous particles at the same section.
(2) Uniform and non-uniform flow:
Uniform Flow: Uniform flow can be defined with the following equation:
dF/dS = 0 ---eq(1)
Here F is the fluid property and S is the flow field. Properties like velocity and density will not change from one point to the other point in the flow field. This equation represents the uniform flow.
Non-uniform flow: Non-uniform flow is the flow in which the the above equation[eq(1)] is not satisfied, so the fluid property changes from one point to another point in the flow field.
(3) Rotational and Ir-rotational Flow:
Ir-rotational Flow: In this type of flow the rotation of the fluid particles about a axis perpendicular to the plane of flow of particle is zero. i.e.
du/dz= dv/dx = dw/dy etc. --- eq(2)
Rotational Flow: This is the flow in which the rotation of the fluid particle about their mass axis which is perpendicular to the plane of flow is not zero. So the above equations[eq(2)] are not satisfied by the rotational flow.
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