GATE, PSUs - Hydraulics notes - part 2

Hello there,

How you have been? Here is a collection of notes for preparation of the GATE and PSU exams.

• Super critical flow can occur in a channel with mild slope, channel with a steep slope and also in a horizontal channel.
• Analysis of a surge in a open channel is carried out by continuity equation or momentum equation.
• Mild slope profile M2 occurs fir depth above critical but below normal.
• For a steep slope profile S1, the type of flow will be sub-critical.
• A Froude number 1.0 to 1.7 represents an undulant jump, 1.7 to 2.5 a weak jump, 2.5 to 4.5 an oscillatory jump and 4.5 to 9.0 a steady jump.
• The height of hydraulic jump is equal to difference in conjugate depths.
• If Y1 and Y2 are the conjugate depths before and after the hydraulic jump, then (Y2-Y1)^3/(4.Y1.Y2) gives us the loss of energy in the hydraulic jump.
• The value of Froude's number can be less than 1, equal to one or greater than one.
• Froude's number is the ratio of inertial force to gravity force.
• Reynold's number is the ratio of inertial force to viscous force.
• Weber number is the ratio of inertial force to Surface Tension force.
• Mach number is the ratio of inertial force to compressive force.

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